LEGAL PERSONALITY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal personality of international organizations within the framework of private international law. It explores the essence, scope, and limits of their legal capacity, competence, and liability as entities participating in civil, commercial, and labor relations. Particular attention is paid to the application of jurisdictional immunities, the determination of the personal law of international organizations, and the choice of applicable law in contractual relations with private actors. Based on the analysis of scholarly approaches and judicial practice, the article argues that the traditional concept of legal personality – derived from the will of the founding states – should evolve towards a functionally autonomous model that reflects the growing participation of international organizations in private law relations. The research highlights current challenges caused by globalization and digital transformation, including issues of jurisdiction over electronic contracts, protection of personal data, and liability in the field of cybersecurity. It emphasizes the need to modernize Ukraine’s legal framework by adopting a special law defining the private law status of international organizations, regulating their involvement in civil transactions, taxation, labor relations, and responsibility. The study’s results have both theoretical and practical significance, contributing to the development of Ukrainian legal doctrine and promoting the harmonization of international private law standards. This approach will enhance the legal certainty and predictability of interactions between Ukraine and international institutions in the legal and economic spheres.