METHODS OF FORGING FORENSIC DOCUMENTS AND THEIR DETECTION

Abstract

The article highlights the importance of a comprehensive and systematic study of methods of document falsification in forensics, taking into account their diversity and evolution, as well as the pivotal role of offenders who continuously improve their forgery skills. Combining traditional examination methods (such as handwriting analysis, technical, and physicochemical approaches) with modern digital technologies significantly enhances the effectiveness of countering the use of fake documents in legal practice. The article thoroughly analyzes the role of specialized equipment, qualified forensic specialists, and advanced information-analytical systems, which are critically important for the timely detection and identification of forged documents.

Special attention is paid to the need to consider rapid transformations in the field of high technologies and digitalization, which provide offenders with new tools for forgery. Issues related to modifying electronic documents, including editing PDF files, forging electronic digital signatures, and manipulating metadata, are discussed. It is noted that to counter such threats, it is necessary to implement modern technical solutions, conduct regular training for experts, and improve the regulatory framework governing the circulation and protection of electronic documents.

The authors emphasize that measures to detect document falsifications must be comprehensive. They should include strengthening legislative guarantees, improving organizational mechanisms within state and private institutions, and fostering international cooperation for the exchange of experience and best practices. The conclusion is drawn that progress in the methodological framework of forensic examination, considering modern challenges of the digital era, and harmonizing legislative approaches are key to forming an effective system for protecting the rights of citizens and the financial interests of the state.