The Essence and Significance of Electronic Traces in Criminology

Abstract

Consideration of the issue becomes a natural consequence of the development of information technology, global implementation in all aspects of human life. Man to a greater or lesser extent exists simultaneously in two spaces - real and virtual. before criminology as a science in general.

The latest information technologies have caused the emergence and further rapid development of new forms of crime, namely crimes committed through the use of such technologies, which is why they are called cybercrime.

Electronic traces are a new object of forensic research, and electronic technology gives this information the value of a source of evidence. At the same time, computer technology, information technology and certain software products can serve as a means of committing crimes and the subject of criminal encroachment. The nature of the trace picture of cybercrime depends on the methods of their commission and the characteristics of electronic means by which criminal encroachments are carried out. The electronic footprint has a certain system of features in the form of separate information elements that can be recorded on one or more digital media. Electronic footprints can be connected to multiple digital devices connected to, for example, a telecommunications network.

On social networking sites (for example, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram) you can find electronic traces in the form of messages and comments of persons being checked, their personal data (eg email address), photos and videos, search history, etc. These traces contain information about the time of visiting the site, some personal data of the user (for example, e-mail address), which can be used to search for his phone number, date of birth, place of work and residence, identify communication and interests. The last 2-3 years there has been a rapid increase in offenses in remote banking (DBO) systems. DBO is a set of services for remote access of clients to banking services, mainly through computer or telephone networks. At the same time, the client remotely (without visiting the bank) transmits the necessary instructions using information technology.