Modern Problems in Criminology

Abstract

This article states that on the basis of recognized methodological approaches, in particular system-activity, methods of investigation of a separate group of criminal offenses are formed, and further taking into account the methodology formed on the basis of general theoretical methodology separate methods of investigation of criminal offenses are formed. In this regard, the main hypothesis in the study of the process of formation of species techniques is the use of basic techniques as a methodological basis. It is pointed out that there is an opinion that before forming separate methods, a general, universal model should be formed, on the basis of which it is possible to create specific methods of investigation.

It is noted that in practice is introduced not only the innovation, which is developed only in criminology, but also those methods, tools, borrowed from other fields of knowledge that are developed in practical bodies, but not yet studied by science. It has been proven that the term "implementation", which has long been used in criminology and is interpreted as a multidimensional activity related to the provision of scientific and methodological assistance with the direct use of the proposed approaches, is more appropriate.

It is indicated that the sequence of forensic support of investigative activities can be represented as maintaining a high level of readiness of the subjects of forensic support of pre-trial investigation; study of the needs of investigative activities; study of crime and identification of signs that require a new forensic support of investigative activities; study of opportunities of domestic and foreign science (criminology or, if necessary, opportunities to attract knowledge from other fields) in forensic support of new needs of investigative activity; definition of goals, subjects, means, methods and technologies of conducting research; development of forensic products formulated in accordance with the needs of investigative practice; preliminary quality control, testing, evaluation of the results obtained in accordance with the criteria of investigative practice, if necessary, making adjustments, refining the quality parameters of products; recommendations and its implementation in practice; support of proper development, implementation in practice; training and retraining of investigators in accordance with new achievements of science and practice; training and retraining of scientific personnel for forensic support of investigative activity; study of new needs of investigative activity.